Perennial shade-tolerant flowers for the garden blooming all summer

Garden design - a complex phenomenon. Every self-respecting summer resident, the owner of a piece of land located around the house, wants to arrange this space as beautifully as possible. But if the “dead” decor is easy to place almost anywhere, then living ornamental plants are not. They most often need light, some other special conditions. Shade-loving and shade-tolerant perennial flowers for the garden, blooming all summer, will solve most of these problems.

Characteristics of shade-loving plants

The more tall trees in the garden, outbuildings, arbors, the higher the fence, the house, the site itself, the shade it will be. Shade-tolerant flowers or sciogeliophytes are tolerant to permanent or periodic shading, unlike light-loving ones - heliophytes. Constant low light affects the appearance of plants:

  • leaves shade-loving bilateral, photophilous - equilateral;
  • shade-tolerant flowers almost always have wide, large leaves, and the distance between them is large;
  • flowers growing in the shade are decorated with smooth leaves, while light-loving foliage is folded, textured;
  • leaves of shady plants - dull, with a lack of moisture wither faster;
  • the root system of shade-loving is usually located under the surface of the soil, the rhizome itself is thick.

When determining the degree of illumination of a particular place in a given area, they are guided by the following parameters:

  • a shadow — light comes in less than two or three hours a day;
  • rarefied shadow - a space located under the loose crowns of garden trees, most well-known flowers grow and bear fruit here;
  • penumbra - the sun's rays illuminate the area for more than three or four hours, usually in the morning or in the evening;
  • deep shadow - located near buildings, fences, sunlight does not penetrate there at all, which is acceptable for very few species.
    Many grass and ground cover species, shrubs and creepers, conifers and ferns feel great in the shade.

When choosing decorative perennials for the shade, it should be noted that some places are brightly lit in the spring, but shade in the autumn, are in the sun in the morning, in the shade in the evening.

Popular shade-loving plants for the dacha

There are a great many suitable for growing in the country decorative perennials that feel well in the shade. They are conventionally divided into groups:

  • shrubs - have very different heights, they are planted in groups, singly, as a "hedge";
  • grass - stunted, play the role of the background planting on the site;
  • flowers - the average "height" ranges from 15 to 40 cm, they easily become a bright accent of the garden composition.

The garden geranium and Volzhanka, the dicentre and aquilegia, hydrangea and host, Magonia and Derain, Geicher and Klopogon, Brunner and Rodgers, fern and Akindia, Buzulnik and Astilba, cotoneaster and privet are successfully growing on their plot.

Aquilegia

Aquilegia is also called an eagle or catchment, referred to as perennial herbs. There are more than 120 species of this plant, but only 35 are cultivated. The leaves are on long petioles, the flowers of most species are solitary, drooping, blue, white, raspberry, yellow Kohler, there are also two-colored flowers. Seeds from aquilegia are small, and can be propagated by dividing the bush. The plant feels well in the penumbra, moist loose soil, begins to bloom from the second year of life, but it retains a high decorative effect for about five years and easily forms hybrids during cross-pollination. Popular varieties: ordinary, fan, blue, gold, Olympic, Canadian. The flowering period is 20-35 days, a single flower lives two or three weeks, the ripened seeds are poisonous.

Garden geranium

Garden geranium or crane is a semi-shrub tine-resistant, drought-resistant, not afraid of frost. About 400 species belong to geraniums, but 12 are cultivated in the garden. Most of them have dissected pubescent leaves with long petioles, flowers have five petals. The most frequently planted are the following species that love the shade: blood-red, marsh, forest, large rooted, marsh. Most geraniums bloom about a month, it is recommended to land islets. Decorative flower retains 8-11 years, after which the middle gradually dies off. The plant needs good drainage, fertile soil, moderate watering, partial shade.

When buying geranium seedlings, you should make sure that this species is intended for cultivation in the open air, and not in the conditions of the house, greenhouse.

Volzhanka

Aruncus dioecious, also called Volzhanka, is ideal for shady areas of the garden. The bushes reach two meters high, meters wide, have creamy-white inflorescences in the form of long panicles, feathery "torn" leaves. In the natural environment, there are 12 species. Aruncus blooms a little more than two months (June-July), but it preserves a beautiful appearance until late autumn. At one place Volzhanka grows up to 18-20 years, only young plants are recommended to propagate by dividing the bush. Grown from seeds can bloom no earlier than the third year of life. The most popular cultivated species: kokorischelistnaya, alpine.

Dry panicles of arunkus are used in the composition of winter bouquets - they should be dried in the shade, with good ventilation.

Hydrangea

Hydrangeas include more than 70 species, but the most common are tree species (varieties Sterilis, Annabel, Grandiflora), large-leaved (varieties of expression, everppermint), paniculata (varieties of Matilda, limelight, kushu, Yunik), and also chereshkovaya, varietal, ashen, radiant. The plant is suitable for creating hedges, decoration of large spaces. The flowering of hydrangeas planted in shady areas, longer than in the sun. The flowers themselves - white, blue, pink, burgundy or purple, collected in inflorescences. The height of the shrub, depending on the type, is 0.7-3 meters; among the hydrangeas there are lianas (for example, petiolian). In the spring, before the buds bloom, it is necessary to prune - this procedure makes flowering the most lush.

Geicher

Perennial geyhera will decorate the most shady parts of the garden with its bright leaves. The height of the plant is about 0.5 meters, the flowers look like panicles of a white or pink color scheme, flowering occurs from the beginning of July to mid-September. Place of planting is selected depending on the variety: Geichers with dark green, pale yellow leaves are planted in the shade, the half-shadowed openwork will suit colored specimens. It is recommended to plant in neutral soils, hills, plants for mulching for the winter. Some varieties of geyher are able to change the color of the leaves two or three or more times a season, varying the garden decoration. Popular varieties: shake-up, blood-red, hybrid, cylindrical, American, small-flowered.

Hosta

Khosta - one of the most unpretentious ornamental garden plants. Its leaves are heart-shaped or narrow, matte or shiny, solid or variegated. The flowers resemble bells of a bluish, lilac, white, pink color scheme, located on long peduncles. At the same place the host grows without problems until 25-30 years, each year becoming more decorative. All varieties are divided into stunted - up to 25 cm, medium - up to 50 cm, large - 70 cm and above. It is not recommended to set a host in the sun - decorativeness of foliage decreases. The plant is demanding of moisture, because the soil is carefully mulched with needles.

If it is planned to propagate to the host, in the summer all its leaves are cut off, then new sockets grow very quickly.

Astilba

Astilbe has beautiful shiny foliage, fluffy panicles of flowers. In nature, there are more than 40 species, but no more than 10 plants are used in floriculture. The plant is classified according to the color of flowers - white (diamond, avalanche, bergkristall), white-pink (Brunhilda, Europe, American), rich-pink (Gloria, garnet, cattleya ), red (glute, Vesuvius, foyer), purple (opal, Siegfried, amethyst). Astilba height is 30-120 cm, depending on the species. Flowering occurs from June to September, foliage remains decorative until the end of autumn. Transplantation is required every three to five years - an old plant is divided into parts in early spring, seeds are propagated extremely rarely.

Fern

Ferns feel great both on slightly shaded flower beds, and under a high ragpisty conifer. The height of the plant is 25-50 cm. The following types of wood are distinguished by the greatest decorativeness: woods, scraper, scrubber, nomad, leafberry, adiantum, holoculer. Fern is planted in autumn or spring, it is experiencing a strong drought well, does not require special conditions for normal growth. If the plant is transplanted from the forest, then together with it it is advisable to take a little forest land so that acclimatization at the new place is as successful as possible. Reproduction is done by budding, dividing the bush, as well as spores that ripen on the lower surface of the leaves.

Actinidia (colomickt)

Actinidia refers to deciduous vines, has variegated leaves, it tends to curl, relying on any vertical or inclined surface. Plant height - up to seven meters. From actinidia you can get tasty fruits, vaguely reminiscent of kiwi. For this, the female and male copies are planted next to each other - it is advisable to use seedlings younger than four years old, since the older ones take root poorly. Kolomikta is winter-hardy, propagated by layering, grafting, less often - by seeds. Planting is allowed both in the sun and in partial shade, pruning is done in mid-May, September. Fruits are edible, ripen in August-September.

Rogersia

Rogers is not picky at all to choose the place of growth - it is suitable for both deaf shadow and hot sunny areas. The rarefied shadow will ideally suit - on excessively dark sites flowering does not happen plentiful. This herbaceous plant has small pink, white, boron flowers, gathered in inflorescences, the leaves are shiny, reminiscent of maple or chestnut. The most popular: elderberry, popolistnaya, konskokastanolistnaya. Reproduction produced by dividing the bush or its rhizome, grafting. If the planting is done in the autumn, the bush quickly reaches large sizes. During the flowering period, rogers should be fed, in the heat - mulched.

Buzulnik

Buzulnik can become one of the brightest accents of any garden. It is planted on the banks of ponds and planters, in the most shady corners of the site. There are up to 150 species in Buzulnik, their height is 50-250 cm, the color of leaves is pale yellow, dark green, red, some species change the color of leaves in autumn. The flowers themselves - mostly yellow, similar to daisies or collected in elongated inflorescences. Common species: notched (varieties Desdemona, Othello, orange queen), buzulnik Przewalski (maple leaves, rocket). Flowering lasts 20-30 days, in the bright sun the flowers and leaves wither, but quickly recover when the shade comes. Transplanting is required every four to five years; abundant watering is necessary in the heat.

Brunner ("Forget-me-not")

Brunner or nebothora belongs to the herbaceous perennials, has only three species. Of these, only large-leaved and Siberian ones are cultivated in the gardens. Planting a plant is desirable in places where the sun is shining in the morning, and after lunch the shadow falls. The shores of reservoirs are optimally suited, where constant soil moisture is maintained in any weather. Plant height is 20-60 cm. Brunners are heart-shaped, colored green, but more often motley, with white or bluish patches. Faded leaves must be periodically removed. Flowering occurs in late May - June, for almost a month, inflorescences are friable, bluish, seeds begin to ripen from the end of June. Propagate the seed stalk or dividing the bush.

Klopogon ("cimicifuga")

Klopogon or tsimitsifuga - tenacious, frost-resistant, unpretentious, elegant perennial. He is able to grow in one place for more than 20 years, grows to 60-180 cm tall. The flowers are collected in inflorescences, painted in a creamy-white, pinkish color, have an unpleasant smell, flowering begins in late August, when most of the plants have faded. The best place for planting is the wet shady corners of the garden. It is important to know that all instances are poisonous - landing, trimming, other care should be carried out with rubber gloves. Varieties: simple, branched, racemose.

Broth roots zimitsifugi has the property to scare many types of insect pests.

Dicentra ("broken heart")

Dicentra, whose flowers resemble small hearts of different colors, grows well both in the garden and on the windowsill. The plant has openwork leaves, prefers moist soil, high-quality drainage, nitrogen fertilizers. If you plant a dicentre in the sun, the bush will be small, but it will bloom early, in the shade it will grow larger, it will bloom for a long time. In one place, a “broken heart” grows well until five years, after which a transplant is recommended. Reproduction is performed by cutting, dividing the bush, at least - by planting seeds. Depending on the species, the height of the flower ranges from 20 cm to three meters. Popular varieties: beautiful, "golden tears", elegant, gorgeous, klobuchkonosnaya.

How to care for shade plants

Care for shade vegetation is slightly different from that required by perennials who prefer the sun. The soil in the shaded areas near the ponds, fences, buildings more wet, but under the canopy of tall trees - dry, because the lush crown almost does not pass water. So that after watering the moisture does not leave the ground as long as possible, mulching is performed using sawdust, pine needles, dry grass, and artificial nonwoven materials. This is especially important when the garden is located in a hot, arid region.

Curly varieties need to provide the opportunity to "crawl" on the wall of the house, gazebos, cling to the specially substituted trellis. Species that can grow excessively sometimes require limitation in the form of rooted to 30-50 cm deep pieces of slate, plastic, etc. Thinning, weeding, loosening, pruning, timely transplanting, pest control and disease prevention are also necessary for most garden perennials.

In hot summer, abundant watering is necessary even for flowers growing in the corners where the sunlight hardly penetrates. The water should not be ice - it is desirable that it slightly warmed up in the sun. The quality of the soil itself is also important - the soil is recommended fertile, well drained, enriched with humus, compost, and store fertilizers. Top dressing is necessary throughout the entire period of growth - from the appearance of the first leaflets, the blooming of buds, to the full ripening of fruits and seeds. The level of acidity is selected individually for each type - the appropriate composition is “charged” directly into the landing hole.

Shade-loving plants are planted in groups on mixboards, alpine slides, climbing - along fences, buildings, large - as tapeworms, hedges. Planting according to a certain pattern is also popular: when a review of a flowerbed is expected from all sides, the highest species are planted in the center, then - medium, at the edge - low or dwarf. Flower composition is monochrome, contrasting, made in similar colors. It is important to choose the vegetation in such a way that the flower bed has the most decorative appearance from spring to late autumn - when some perennials bloom, others will bloom to replace them. If desired, flowers, especially ampelous, are placed in pots on the veranda, vertical multi-tiered flower beds - constant watering is very important here.

Conclusion

So that the separate places of the shady garden do not remain empty, they are planted with suitable vegetation. Unpretentious, long-flowering perennials grow well, bloom in the shade of houses, sheds, under the average density of the crowns of fruit, decorative leaves and even conifers. Among them are stunted and giant, erect and ampelous, which allows you to choose the most appropriate species to create the most beautiful landscape design of any garden.

Watch the video: Top 5 Favorite Flowering Perennials For Shade (March 2024).

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