Decorative stone on the wall: types and instructions

The stone in the interior decoration always looks good, solid. It is natural and artificial. It is possible to use decorative stone on the wall in any places - for exterior, interior decoration, in various residential, non-residential premises, design of a kitchen apron, doorways, decoration of terraces, fireplaces, window sills, basements of buildings.

The cost of this product is very different, depending on what materials it is from. This granite, marble is much more expensive than artificial imitation of plaster, ceramics, etc. On the types of decorative stones for walls, installation inside different rooms, ways of self-laying in detail in the text of the article.

Stone Finishing Benefits

Like all existing design options there are positive and negative points.

Pros:

  • beautiful, expensive;
  • durability, frost resistance;
  • fire safety;
  • strength, wear resistance;
  • chemical resistance.

Minuses:

  • gypsum is not suitable for wet rooms;
  • natural is expensive.

Other finishes should match the appearance of the stone - a heavy oak door looks great with granite, you can stick bricks even over it - then the color of the ceiling also requires suitable. The lower parts of the walls are made most often.


Types of stone for wall decoration

Natural harder to style, due to the greater weight, artificial - softer, lighter. Natural stone is mined in natural conditions, mainly by crushing rocks. "Fake" is made from colored concrete, gypsum, acrylic, polyester resin, mineral additives. Also in its composition is often present clay, stone chips, elements of fiberglass, steel, all sorts of pigments. Natural for the decoration of the internal space is used less often than artificial - due to the fact that most species are cold. Small fragments, pictures from it will decorate any room.

Artificial

What kind of artificial stone there is:

  • porcelain stoneware - matte, glossy, textured. It is made by pressing with firing from feldspar, clay, dyes. Resistant to temperature changes;
  • agglomerates - consist of polyester resins, marble and granite chips, quartzites. Natural material in sinter up to 90%. Not resistant to high temperatures (even from the side of heating radiators), abrasion, but look whole;
  • brick or tile of concrete - consists of Portland cement, dyes, sand, expanded clay, pumice, plasticizers. Water-repellent, reinforcing components may be added;
  • on the basis of gypsum - consists of high-quality gypsum, hydrated lime, dyes, and water. Such bricks can be made independently, their pouring into forms, having processed waterproof coverings. It is very light, cheap;
  • flexible - looks like a wallpaper. This is a textile, which is applied to a thin slice of sandstone. Suitable for decorating hard to reach places, vapor permeable, wear-resistant;
  • on the basis of acrylic - consists of jadeite, serpentine, jasper, amazonite, granite, mixed with acrylic resins. It is eco-friendly, waterproof.

With the help of a properly selected option, any room is turned into a beautiful work of art. The above described types of this raw material are maintainable, safe, pleasant in appearance, durable, durable. They are easy to handle, transport, weigh less natural.

Natural

Natural stone for interior work differs in education methods and mining methods. Such a lining will last more than one decade, even a century. His views:

  • granite - in the composition of the rock has quartz, mica, feldspar. It is considered the hardest, durable, wear-resistant in the world, but is relatively easy to process. Possesses frost resistance, moisture resistance, dielectricity. The term of operation when finishing walls - from 150 years;
  • marble is a rock, for the most part consists of calcite, various minerals. The color is beige, gray, black, yellow, blue, etc. It is hard, anti-static, abrasive-resistant, water-resistant, eco-friendly. In processing, extraction difficult, but the price is acceptable - technology is constantly being improved;
  • Travertine is calcium carbonate, an intermediate between soft, friable limestone and strong marble. Formed near mineral springs, which bring to the surface of calcium salts, limestone, carbon dioxide. Easy to mine, there are pale green in color, red and red, beige, milky white. It has low thermal conductivity, excellent frost resistance, low price;
  • shale - rock from medium-temperature, low-temperature minerals. Suitable for use material is covered with special varnishes. It has hygienic, bactericidal, resistant to water, temperature extremes. May have streaks: brown, beige, blue-green;

  • Talkohlorit - from chlorite, magnesite, talc. For decoration surfaces used in the form of bricks, tiles. It is used most often in the bath, sauna, as they heat up quickly, maintaining a constant temperature, humidity. Its heat resistance is more than + 1500C. Color - graphite, gray-green;
  • Jadeite - consists of sodium oxide with aluminosilicate, silica. It is very similar to jade, sometimes emerald, graphite, yellow-gray, red. Sold in the form of tiles, bricks, mosaics. It is durable, heat-absorbing, waterproof;
  • Onyx is a fibrous variety of quartz with impurities. This is an ornamental stone, overly complex to process, expensive, and can burst if overheated. Facing out of it looks gorgeous - as if glowing from the inside. The material is durable, warm to the touch, in color - sunny amber, emerald, reddish brown;
  • coil - magnesium oxide silicate on water. It looks good, it is realized in the form of a tile, up to two cm thick. Dense, safe, similar to jadeite, but the facing of both of these stones is relatively not durable - about fifteen years;
  • Dolomite - magnesium carbonate, calcium, has impurities of iron, clay. Happens yellow, red, white, brilliant nacreous, sateen, opaque. It is durable, wear-resistant, eco-friendly. It has healing properties - it is able to calm the nervous system of a person.

Some stones are believed to be radioactive. This is not entirely true - the materials coming in for sale are subject to strict radiological control.

Installation Features

Installation of decorative trim is made on pre-aligned walls, using cement, adhesive mixtures. To glue tiles, pebbles on their own is not difficult, you only need high-quality raw materials, tools. In a freshly built house, the lining is done exclusively after the structure shrinks, otherwise it can quickly fall off. "Wild" stone fit arbitrarily, square, rectangular shape - in even rows.

How to choose a stone

Wall decoration is divided into internal, external. For interior work, artificial stone is usually used - it is lighter in weight, cheaper, easier to lay. It is very popular now under a brick, under granite or marble, sandstone, a bassoon and others. Of the natural use of limestone, shell, slate, at least - marble, granite, onyx. Natural fit for creating expensive, almost "eternal" interiors.

When choosing a material for decoration, you should decide in which room it will be used. For different places require stones with different properties - waterproof, heat insulation, heat resistance. For a kitchen apron, it is not recommended to apply a coating with a complex texture - it is extremely problematic to clean out fat droplets, pieces of food.

Load calculation

The load on the wall is calculated independently or with the help of special online calculators. It is necessary to take into account what the wall is made of, its thickness. If the weight of a square meter of tile is within 25 kg, then excessive loads are not placed on the surface. Plates OSB can withstand considerable weight. The smaller, lighter the pebbles, the greater the chance that they will hold on for a long time, firmly. Material consumption depends on the area of ​​the treated surface, which is calculated by multiplying the length of the wall by the height. Repair experts recommend buying a stone with a margin of 5-10%, especially if you have to cut it in some places, follow a certain pattern, or it is simply too fragile.

Surface and stone preparation for laying

Before you start laying out the surface with stones, you need to align the walls - carefully, as under the wallpaper. All previous coatings should be removed - remnants of old paint, wallpaper, brushed with an iron brush. Further, the base must be carefully primed, then you can lay the tiles. From the materials you need a stone, tiled glue. The heavier the lining, the more glue you need, the "stronger" it should be. There are two types: on a plaster basis and cement. On the packaging they usually write for which particular work this or that composition is intended.

Required tools for self-laying

To do it yourself you need a lot of tools:

  • spatulas - plain and notched;
  • metal tape measure;
  • building level;
  • rubber mallet;
  • gon;
  • pistol syringe;
  • glue mixer;
  • Bulgarian with a disk on a stone;
  • brush or roller;
  • brush with iron teeth;
  • wooden bar, lighthouses;
  • containers for grouting, glue;
  • smoothing brush,
  • sprayer for water repellent,
  • adhesive mixture.

Stone laying

When all the finishing materials and tools are prepared, proceed to gluing.

Its stages:

  • putting glue;
  • laying tiles;
  • rusting;
  • coating protective composition.

First, they knead the glue, put it on the wall in small portions - it should not dry out, be thick, but not crumble. The adhesive composition is distributed with a smooth spatula, and smeared on the tile. You can use "liquid nails", cement. Every detail is pressed tightly against the wall. After gluing is completed, all excess is removed from the surface and seams. It is desirable that the solution does not fall on the front part - it will be difficult to clean. The bricks are firmly attached to the wall of wood, drywall, aerated concrete with the help of proper gluing with a special compound. If the tile is glued to the cement mortar, then you first need to fill the paint mesh, on it - plaster. If necessary, the parts are cut with a hacksaw, grinder.

Laying should start from the corner, from the very bottom up, row by row. Usually, the fastening is made under the jointing, that is, the tiles will be slightly removed from each other, the spaces between them will be filled with a solution, the excess of which should be removed. The width of the seam is assumed to be about one and a half cm. If the seams are not provided, then the bricks are placed as closely as possible, close to each other.

 

Finishing

Final finishing involves removing excess mortar from the joints, painting them in the color of bricks or tiles, and applying a protective layer.

The coating must be applied if:

  • the house has children, pets;
  • the wall is in a damp room;
  • stone painted with paint;
  • cheap bricks of poor quality.


  

Protection is applied when all the tiles have already been attached, the seams have dried. The composition is applied with a roller, brush, spray. The facade of the building "decorate" only in dry weather.

Decorative stone in the interior of different rooms

For the decoration of the bathroom they use natural onyx, marble, a mosaic, a "cascade" of different stones. Corridor walls are covered with them partially, completely, lay out the arch. Well-placed correctly placed light sources - so the stone looks more profitable. When used without additional lighting, in places that are not visible from the street, the effect of a cave is obtained.


The living room often has indoor plants - they are also originally combined with the walls. Glass vases, metal parts of furniture, earthen flower vases will fall very "in the subject." Spreading the entire space of the bedroom, another living room, is not recommended as a stone - it is very cold, it is better to limit yourself to a brick or stone doorway, to partially decorate partitions (if any) between the bedroom and another room of chipboard, plywood.

A protruding corner is trimmed in the corridor, the onyx lighting with LEDs creates magical compositions. The stone in the interior composition is combined with decorative plasters, stretch ceiling, textured wallpaper. You can put a picture out of the bricks that resembles a tree, a city, figures of living beings, abstractions. Balcony trim partially or completely, but heavy materials should be avoided to avoid collapse.

   

The use of any stone, especially textured, in the nursery is strongly not recommended - children often run, falling, they can get a serious injury from hitting the stone wall.

When the finished area is quite small in area, it is better to give up the stone altogether, since it "takes" part of the usable area. As an option - to use flexible artificial or natural thin tiles - up to five millimeters. In spacious rooms, this material is used without restrictions.

Stones on vertical planes from ancient times decorated homes. These are external facade, internal walls, door slopes, furnace surfaces. However, an excessively cramped apartment will obstruct this material. With proper installation, it will last for many years, all the while pleasing the eye. You can make a tile, as well as properly glue it, by yourself or by seeking help from professionals. This material is appropriate to apply for the style of loft, gothic, classical, empire, art deco, African, English, Scandinavian, vintage, fusion, minimalism.

Watch the video: How To Install Faux Stone Wall Panels (March 2024).

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